JDK 19: The new features in Java 19JDK 19: The new features in Java 19JDK 19: The new features in Java 19

Java Growth Kit 19, a non-LTS (very long-time period guidance) release of regular Java, comes today as a manufacturing launch.

7 characteristics concentrate on the release such as structured concurrency, record styles, a preview of a overseas purpose and memory API, and help for the open resource Linux/RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA). All options but the Linux/RISC-V capacity are either in preview or incubator phases.

JDK 19 follows the March 22 arrival of JDK 18. Conventional Java has been on a 6-thirty day period launch cadence for 5 yrs, with JDK 19 staying the tenth 6-thirty day period release.

JDK 19 is obtainable at oracle.com. The production release follows two release candidates and two rampdown phases, relationship back again to June. The JDK 19 attributes consist of:

• Structured concurrency, in an incubator section, is supposed to simplify multithreaded programming through a structured concurrency API. This concurrency treats many tasks managing in distinctive threads as a solitary unit of get the job done, to streamline mistake dealing with and cancellation. Dependability and observability are improved. This characteristic is from Challenge Loom, which released a new lightweight concurrency product.
• A preview of file styles, to deconstruct file values. File styles and type designs can be nested to empower a declarative, impressive, and composable form of details navigation and processing. Aims of the proposal incorporate extending pattern matching to express much more refined, composable facts queries whilst not altering the syntax or semantics of sort styles. This proposal builds on pattern matching for instanceof, shipped in JDK 16  in March 2021. Upcoming designs might phone for history styles to be extended with abilities this kind of as array styles and vararg styles. Document designs is component of Job Amber, an effort and hard work to investigate and incubate smaller, efficiency-oriented Java characteristics.
• A preview of a international functionality and memory API, which would introduce an API by which Java systems can interoperate with code and info outside the Java runtime. By effectively invoking overseas functions (i.e., code exterior the JVM) and safely and securely accessing foreign memory (i.e., memory not managed by the JVM) the API allows Java packages to contact native libraries and procedure indigenous details without having the threat and brittleness of the Java Native Interface (JNI). The international operate and memory API brings together two before incubating APIs: the foreign memory accessibility API and the overseas linker API. The foreign functionality and memory API was earlier incubated in JDK 17 and reincubated in JDK 18. The proposal’s aims involve simplicity of use, performance, generality, and security.
• A preview of virtual threads, which are light-weight threads that significantly lessen the effort and hard work of crafting, sustaining, and observing significant-throughput, concurrent apps. Goals consist of enabling server programs written in the basic thread-for every-request design to scale with in the vicinity of-exceptional components utilization, enabling present code that uses the java.lang Thread API to undertake digital threads with small alter, and help troubleshooting, debugging, and profiling of digital threads with current JDK equipment. It is not a purpose of this proposal to alter the standard concurrency design in Java or give a new information parallelism build in either the Java language or Java libraries. Nor is it a aim to take away the common implementation of threads or to silently migrate current programs to use virtual threads. This function is also part of Project Loom.
• A 3rd preview of sample matching for switch expressions and statements, extending pattern matching to change, to let an expression to be tested from a variety of designs, every single with a precise action, so sophisticated information-oriented queries can be expressed concisely and safely. This functionality beforehand was previewed in JDK 17 and JDK 18. The third preview would include refinements including the substitution of guarded styles with when clauses in change blocks. Also, the runtime semantics of a pattern swap when the price of the selector expression is null are additional closely aligned with legacy change semantics. The plan’s goals include things like expanding the expressiveness and applicability of switch expressions and statements by making it possible for patterns to look in situation labels. Other objectives include allowing developers to unwind the historic null-hostility of change when desired, expanding the security of swap statements and guaranteeing that present change expressions and statements continue on to compile with no alterations and execute with equivalent semantics. The hope is to eventually assistance sample matching during Java, incorporating it to sites the place expressions are utilized. This element also is section of the Amber job.
• A fourth incubation of a vector API that would specific vector computations that reliably compile at runtime to best vector directions on supported CPU architectures, therefore obtaining general performance outstanding to equivalent scalar computations. Builders employing the API get a way to produce advanced vector algorithms in Java, making use of the HotSpot automobile-vectorizer but with a consumer product that helps make vectorizations more predictable and sturdy. The vector API formerly was incubated into JDK 16, JDK 17, and JDK 19.
  Advancements to the API proposed for JDK 19 include things like enhancements to load and retail store vectors to and from MemorySegments, as outlined by the Foreign Perform and Memory API preview. JDK 19 would also incorporate two cross-lane vector functions, compress and increase, collectively with a complementary vector mask compress procedure. The compress vector operation maps lanes of a resource vector, selected by a mask, to a spot vector in lane order, while the increase operation does the inverse. The compress procedure is practical in filtering question benefits.
  In one more addition to the vector API, bitwise integral lanewise operations would be expanded, including functions these kinds of counting the quantity of one particular bits, reversing the get of bits, and compressing and expanding bits. Plans of the API included getting very clear and concise, platform-agnostic, owning dependable runtime and compilation efficiency on x64 and AArch64 architectures, and enabling “graceful” degradation, for circumstances in which a vector computation are unable to be fully expressed at runtime as a sequence of vector operations. The vector API is from Undertaking Panama, which aims to empower more simple communications concerning indigenous and JVM code.
• With the Linux/RISC-V port, Java would achieve assist for a components instruction set that is previously supported by a huge selection of language toolchains. RISC-V actually is a relatives of linked ISAs. The Linux/RISC-V port would only assistance the RV64GV configuration of RISC-V, a common goal 64-bit ISA that consists of vector recommendations. The developers of Java may well consider other RISC-V configurations in the potential.

The port would support the next HotSpot VM selections: the template interpreter, C1 (client) JIT compiler, C2 (server) JIT compiler, and all present mainline rubbish collectors which includes ZGC and Shenandoah. The genuine porting is practically finish the emphasis of the JDK Enhancement Proposal (JEP) is integration of the port into the JDK mainline repository.

Like JDK 18, JDK 19 is due to be a short-expression launch, with only six months of leading-degree, Premier assistance.

The preceding release, JDK 17, was a Extended Phrase Help (LTS) launch, with quite a few several years of assistance. It arrived September 14, 2021. The next LTS launch, JDK 21, is owing one calendar year from now, preceded by JDK 20, presumably in March 2023.